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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Self-Assembled Nanobiomaterials for Combination Immunotherapy.

Johns Paul V1, Priyanka Sharma1, Asifkhan Shanavas1

  • 1Inorganic & Organic Nanomedicine (ION) Lab, Chemical Biology Unit, Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Sector-81, Knowledge City, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140306, India.

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Self-assembled nanobiomaterials offer advanced cancer immunotherapy by enabling controlled drug delivery and phototherapy. These nanomaterials can convert cold tumors into hot tumors, enhancing the immune response for better cancer treatment.

Keywords:
CancerCombination immunotherapyNanotechnologySelf-assembled nanomaterialsSelf-assemblySynergistic immunotherapyTremelimumab

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Cancer immunotherapy harnesses the immune system to fight cancer.
  • Traditional nanomedicines face challenges in safety and targeted delivery.
  • Self-assembled nanobiomaterials offer tunable properties for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review self-assembled nanobiomaterials for cancer immunotherapy.
  • To explore their potential in activating systemic immune responses.
  • To discuss strategies for converting immunosuppressive tumors into immune-active microenvironments.

Main Methods:

  • Review of self-assembled nanobiomaterials including polymers, lipids, peptides, hydrogels, MOFs, and COFs.
  • Analysis of their mechanisms for activating immunogenic cell death.
  • Discussion of combinatorial immunotherapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Self-assembled nanobiomaterials demonstrate potential for controlled drug delivery and phototherapy.
  • These materials can effectively activate systemic immune responses.
  • They show promise in transforming "cold" tumors into "hot" tumors rich in antitumor immune cells.

Conclusions:

  • Self-assembled nanobiomaterials represent a promising platform for advanced cancer immunotherapy.
  • Their ability to modulate the tumor microenvironment is key to their efficacy.
  • Clinical translation requires addressing associated challenges.