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Updated: Jul 7, 2025

Author Spotlight: AQRNA-seq Role in Mapping Small RNAs and Unraveling Protein Translation Mechanisms
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Advances in methods for tRNA sequencing and quantification.

Nigam H Padhiar1, Upendra Katneni1, Anton A Komar2

  • 1Hemostasis Branch 1, Division of Hemostasis, Office of Plasma Protein Therapeutics, Office of Therapeutic Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA.

Trends in Genetics : TIG
|December 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Transfer RNA (tRNA) sequencing and other quantification methods are crucial for understanding cellular processes and developing tRNA-based therapeutics. This review compares various tRNA quantification techniques, highlighting their pros and cons for reliable measurement.

Keywords:
bioinformaticshybridizationmodificationsquantificationsequencingtRNA

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Transfer RNA (tRNA) sequencing (tRNA-seq) has emerged as a vital tool in recent years.
  • Accurate quantification of tRNA abundance, including modified and charged species, is essential for cellular physiology and disease research.
  • tRNA research also drives the development of novel tRNA-based therapeutics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comparative overview of various tRNA quantification approaches.
  • To focus on the advantages and disadvantages of different tRNA measurement methods.
  • To facilitate reliable tRNA quantification for research and therapeutic development.

Main Methods:

  • Review of tRNA sequencing (tRNA-seq) methodologies.
  • Comparison of next-generation sequencing (NGS) based workflows.
  • Evaluation of hybridization-based approaches as alternatives to NGS.
  • Analysis of methods accounting for tRNA modifications and charging/acylation.

Main Results:

  • Multiple methods exist for quantifying tRNA abundance, modifications, and charging.
  • Advances in library preparation and bioinformatics have improved NGS-based tRNA quantification.
  • Hybridization-based methods offer alternatives to NGS for specific applications.
  • Each method presents unique advantages and disadvantages for reliable tRNA quantification.

Conclusions:

  • A variety of tRNA quantification techniques are available, each with specific strengths and weaknesses.
  • Understanding these methods is key to advancing tRNA research in cellular physiology and disease.
  • Informed selection of quantification strategies is critical for developing effective tRNA-based therapeutics.