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Plant-based meat substitute analysis using microextraction with deep eutectic solvent followed by LC-MS/MS to
Dominika Osiecka1, Christina Vakh1,2, Patrycja Makoś-Chełstowska3
1Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 G. Narutowicza Street, 80-233, Gdańsk, Poland.
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
|December 20, 2023
Summary
A new method using natural deep eutectic solvents efficiently extracts Maillard reaction products like acrylamide from plant-based meats. This technique enhances analysis of food safety markers in meat alternatives.
Area of Science:
- Food Chemistry
- Analytical Chemistry
- Green Chemistry
Background:
- Plant-based meat substitutes are increasingly popular.
- Analysis of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) like acrylamide, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), and furaneol is crucial for food safety and quality.
- Existing analytical methods may lack efficiency or employ harsh solvents.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel, effective, and greener analytical procedure for quantifying MRPs in plant-based meat substitutes.
- To screen and optimize natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDES) for analyte extraction.
- To validate the developed method for real-world sample analysis.
Main Methods:
- Screening of 49 hydrophobic NaDES compositions derived from eugenol and thymol.
- Development of a two-step extraction procedure: salting-out assisted extraction followed by back-extraction into formic acid.
- Utilizing liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for detection.
- Observation of phase inversion phenomenon for simplified separation.
Main Results:
- Eugenol and thymol (2:1 molar ratio) formed the optimal NaDES for effective analyte extraction.
- The method demonstrated good linearity (R² > 0.9952) across various concentration ranges for acrylamide, HMF, and furaneol.
- High recoveries (83-120%) and low coefficients of variation (CVs ≤ 4.9%) confirmed method reliability.
- Successful application to the analysis of pea-based meat substitute samples.
Conclusions:
- A novel and efficient analytical method using hydrophobic NaDES has been successfully developed for the determination of key MRPs in plant-based meat substitutes.
- The developed method offers a greener alternative with simplified phase separation.
- This approach provides a robust tool for ensuring the safety and quality of plant-based food products.
Keywords:
5-HydroxymethylfurfuralAcrylamideFuraneolLC-MS/MSNatural deep eutectic solventPlant-based meat substitutes
