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Resonance Frequency Analysis Mapping During Implant Healing Using a Nanostructured Hydroxyapatite Surface.

José Carlos Rosas-Díaz1, Violeta Malpartida-Carrillo1, Nancy Edith Córdova-Limaylla1

  • 1Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, School of Stomatology, Lima, Peru.

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Summary

Dental implant stability, measured by implant stability quotient (ISQ) using resonance frequency analysis (RFA), initially decreases then increases during healing. Factors like implant length and diameter influence these stability values.

Keywords:
Dental implantsnanostructured hydroxyapatiteosseointegrationresonance frequency analysiswound healing

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Implantology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Resonance frequency analysis (RFA) is crucial for assessing dental implant stability, quantified by the implant stability quotient (ISQ).
  • Nanostructured hydroxyapatite surfaces are utilized in dental implants to potentially enhance osseointegration and stability.
  • Understanding ISQ value fluctuations during healing is vital for predicting long-term implant success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To map the resonance frequency analysis (RFA) during the healing of dental implants with a nanostructured hydroxyapatite surface.
  • To describe the behavior of implant stability quotient (ISQ) values in relation to individual factors.
  • To analyze how implant length, diameter, insertion torque, and placement site affect ISQ values over time.

Main Methods:

  • A case series involving 23 implants placed in 8 patients using a conventional surgical protocol.
  • ISQ values were monitored from implant placement up to 20 weeks using an Osstell device.
  • Implants were analyzed based on length (>10mm vs ≤10mm), diameter (4.3mm vs 3.5mm), insertion torque (≥40 N-cm vs <40 N-cm), and placement area (maxilla vs mandible).

Main Results:

  • All assessed implants showed an initial decrease in ISQ values within the first 3 weeks post-placement.
  • Following the initial dip, ISQ values progressively increased, reaching or exceeding initial placement levels.
  • Implants with greater length (>10mm), larger diameter (4.3mm), and higher insertion torque (≥40 N-cm) exhibited the highest ISQ values.

Conclusions:

  • A transient decrease in ISQ values for nanostructured hydroxyapatite surface dental implants occurs between weeks 2 and 3.
  • This initial stability dip is influenced by implant length, diameter, insertion torque, and whether placed in the maxilla or mandible.
  • The findings provide insights into the dynamic stability changes of these specific dental implants during the critical healing phase.