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Updated: Jul 7, 2025

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies

Published on: February 6, 2019

A quantitative framework for patient-specific collision detection in proton therapy.

Stephen K Northway^1,2, Bailey M Vallejo^1,2, Lawrence Liu^1,2

¹Department of Radiation Medicine and Applied Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.

Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics

|December 22, 2023

Summary

A new framework models patient-specific proton therapy geometry to prevent collisions and minimize air gaps. This improves treatment planning and dosimetry by ensuring safe, efficient beam delivery.

Keywords:

collision detection lateral penumbra proton therapy

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Area of Science:

Medical Physics
Radiation Oncology

Background:

Proton therapy requires beam modifying accessories close to patients for optimal dosimetry.
Large proton treatment units can lead to collisions between equipment and patients, hindering planned treatment geometry.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a quantitative framework for modeling patient-specific proton treatment geometry.
To minimize air gaps and prevent collisions during proton therapy.

Main Methods:

Patient contours converted to IEC gantry coordinates, considering orientation and beam angles.
Snout components modeled as 3D geometric shapes; collision detection based on isocenter, snout type, and extension.
3D GUI for visualization; analytic algorithm quantifies collisions or minimum distances.

Main Results:

Successfully modeled three snout designs and demonstrated collision avoidance through snout retraction.
Validated for various patient orientations, sitting positions, and multiple isocenters.
Demonstrated dosimetric advantages of reduced air gaps compared to standard plans.

Conclusions:

Framework implementation reduces treatment room collisions.
Enables planners to minimize air gaps for improved proton therapy plan dosimetry.