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Engineering Biomimetic Nanoparticles through Extracellular Vesicle Coating in Cancer Tissue Models.

Gema Quiñonero1, Juan Gallo2, Alex Carrasco1

  • 1Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), 08028 Barcelona, Spain.

Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed glucose-functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles encapsulated in extracellular vesicles for improved cancer drug delivery. This novel approach enhances nanoparticle uptake in 3D tumor models, offering a promising strategy for more effective cancer therapies.

Keywords:
biomimetic modelsextracellular vesiclesiron oxide nanoparticlesneuroblastomaprecision medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Nanoparticles (NPs) show promise for cancer drug delivery but face challenges like protein corona formation, low targeting efficiency, and poor penetration in 3D tissues.
  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as advanced carriers for NPs, potentially overcoming delivery barriers.
  • Neuroblastoma is a significant pediatric cancer, and effective drug delivery systems are crucial for treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a tissue-engineered (TE) neuroblastoma model for isolating extracellular vesicles (EVs).
  • To synthesize and characterize functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) for enhanced cellular uptake.
  • To investigate the encapsulation of NPs into EVs derived from neuroblastoma cells for improved cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Established a tissue-engineered neuroblastoma model for EV isolation and NP internalization studies.
  • Synthesized Rhodamine and Polyacrylic acid-functionalized magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4@PAA-Rh).
  • Developed glucose-functionalized nanoparticles (Fe3O4@PAA-Rh-Glc) to enhance cancer cell uptake and subsequently used them for parental labeling of EVs.

Main Results:

  • The TE model supported neuroblastoma cell viability and EV production.
  • Glucose-functionalized NPs demonstrated superior uptake in the 3D model without toxicity.
  • Successful encapsulation of glucose-modified NPs into neuroblastoma-derived EVs was achieved.

Conclusions:

  • This study presents an innovative method for integrating NPs into EVs using a parental labeling strategy within a TE model.
  • The developed system addresses key challenges in NP drug delivery, including improved internalization and stability in 3D tumor environments.
  • This EV-based NP delivery approach holds potential for developing more precise and effective cancer therapies with minimized side effects.