Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 7, 2025
09:26
Quantification and Whole Genome Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in Wastewater and Air Samples
Published on: June 30, 2023
1.2K
Introduction, Dispersal, and Predominance of SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil: A Retrospective
Thaís Regina Y Castro1, Bruna C Piccoli1, Andressa A Vieira1
1Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Bioinformática Aplicadas a Microbiologia Clínica, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil.
Microorganisms
|December 23, 2023
Summary
The Delta variant rapidly spread in Brazil
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Genomics
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 lead to variants of concern.
- The Gamma variant dominated Brazil in early 2021.
- The Delta variant emerged in Brazil from June 2021.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate the introduction and dispersal of the Delta variant in Rio Grande do Sul (RS) state.
- Analyze SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequences from June to October 2021.
- Understand the evolutionary dynamics of the Delta variant in Brazil.
Main Methods:
- Sequencing of 1077 SARS-CoV-2 positive samples.
- Phylogenetic analysis to identify viral lineages.
- Estimation of evolutionary clock rate.
Main Results:
- Delta variant comprised 65.3% of sequenced samples, Gamma 34.7%.
- 99.2% of Delta sequences belonged to the 21J lineage, forming a Brazilian clade.
- Delta variant spread rapidly, dominating cases within nine weeks.
- Estimated evolutionary rate of 5.97 × 10-4 substitutions per site per year.
Conclusions:
- The Delta variant (21J lineage) established a significant presence in RS state, Brazil.
- Genomic surveillance is crucial for tracking viral evolution and variant spread.
- Stable case numbers suggest the impact of vaccination, prior infections, and public health measures.
Related Concept Videos
01:05Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms-SNPs
15.1K
A single nucleotide polymorphism or SNP is a single nucleotide variation at a specific genomic position in a large population. It is the most prevalent type of sequence variation found in the human genome. Point mutations that occur in more than 1% of the population qualify as SNPs. These are present once every 1000 nucleotides on an average in the human genome. Replacement of a purine with another purine (A/G) or a pyrimidine with another pyrimidine (C/T) is known as a transition. In contrast,...
15.1K
01:03Rous Sarcoma Virus (RSV) and Cancer
5.1K
Rous Sarcoma virus or RSV was discovered by F. Peyton Rous in the year 1911 as a filterable transmissible agent that could cause tumors in chickens. He won a Nobel Prize for this discovery in 1966. His experiments clearly demonstrated that some cancers could be caused by infectious agents and led to the discovery of many more cancer-causing viruses in animals as well as humans.
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
RSV is a retrovirus that contains two copies of a plus-strand RNA genome. Its genome consists of four main open...
5.1K
01:18Steps in Outbreak Investigation
131
In the ever-evolving field of public health, statistical analysis serves as a cornerstone for understanding and managing disease outbreaks. By leveraging various statistical tools, health professionals can predict potential outbreaks, analyze ongoing situations, and devise effective responses to mitigate impact. For that to happen, there are a few possible stages of the analysis:
131