Exacerbation of Behcet's Disease and Pyoderma Gangrenosum Following COVID-19 Infection: A Case Report

Area of Science:

• Rheumatology
• Dermatology
• Infectious Diseases

Background:

• Behcet's disease (BD) and pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) are rare autoimmune inflammatory conditions.
• Both BD and PG have been anecdotally linked to relapses following COVID-19 infection.

Observation:

• A 33-year-old woman with a history of BD and PG experienced disease exacerbation post-COVID-19.
• Symptoms included new-onset headaches, arthralgias, and rapidly progressing painful skin ulcers.
• The patient had been in remission for two years prior to COVID-19 infection.

Findings:

• Intravenous methylprednisolone, oral prednisone, and increased azathioprine dosage led to rapid improvement in symptoms.
• The patient achieved complete healing of ulcers and resolution of systemic symptoms within one year.
• This case demonstrates a rare instance of BD and PG exacerbation following COVID-19.

Implications:

• Highlights the potential for COVID-19 to trigger or worsen autoimmune inflammatory diseases.
• Emphasizes the importance of recognizing and promptly managing such exacerbations to prevent morbidity.
• Suggests a need for vigilance in monitoring patients with autoimmune conditions during and after COVID-19 infection.