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Atopic dermatitis: A global health perspective.

Ousmane Faye1, Carsten Flohr2,3, Kenji Kabashima4,5

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology, Université des Sciences, des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), Bamako, Mali.

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Global data shows over 171 million people have atopic dermatitis (AD). Current guidelines aren't suitable for low-resource areas, necessitating pragmatic approaches and prevention studies for better AD management worldwide.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Global Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) affects millions globally, with over 171 million cases reported in 2019.
  • Prevalence and incidence rates have remained stable between 1990 and 2019.
  • Most AD cases are mild-to-moderate, but data interpretation is challenging in low-resource settings.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss global aspects of atopic dermatitis (AD).
  • To compare experiences with AD management across different World Bank income categories.
  • To identify challenges and propose solutions for AD care in diverse healthcare settings.

Main Methods:

  • A roundtable discussion organized by the International Society of AD (ISAD) at the World Congress of Dermatology (WCD) 2023.
  • Comparison of AD management experiences from World Bank category 1, 3, and 4 countries.
  • Review of existing Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data and panel expertise.

Main Results:

  • Current AD guidelines are often ill-suited for low-resource settings.
  • A pragmatic approach, similar to WHO's strategy for skin NTDs, is recommended, focusing on basic treatments like moisturizers and topical corticosteroids.
  • Poor patient compliance due to short visit times is a major barrier in middle- and high-income countries.

Conclusions:

  • Prevention studies should be prioritized globally.
  • Enhanced primary care, telemedicine, and AI-driven algorithms are crucial for optimizing AD management.
  • Collaboration between WHO, patient groups, and industry is vital to address global inequalities in AD care.