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Cable bacteria: widespread filamentous electroactive microorganisms protecting environments.

Meijun Dong1, Lars Peter Nielsen2, Shan Yang1

  • 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Culture Collection and Application, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Microbiology and Regional Ecological Security, Guangzhou 510070, Guangdong, China.

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Cable bacteria significantly impact marine sediment ecosystems by consuming oxygen and altering element cycling. These microbes offer surprising environmental benefits, aiding in pollution mitigation and resource recovery.

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Area of Science:

  • * Microbiology and Geomicrobiology
  • * Environmental Science and Biogeochemistry

Background:

  • * Cable bacteria, discovered in marine sediments, are globally detected microorganisms.
  • * They significantly influence sediment biogeochemistry, affecting oxygen and sulfide levels.
  • * Their activities induce changes in pH, sulfate concentrations, and generate electric fields.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To review recent findings on cable bacteria distribution and physiological traits.
  • * To highlight the ecological contributions of cable bacteria to element cycling.
  • * To explore their role in mitigating environmental problems in marine sediments.

Main Methods:

  • * Literature review of recent research on cable bacteria.
  • * Analysis of studies on their distribution and physiological characteristics.
  • * Synthesis of data on their ecological impacts and environmental benefits.

Main Results:

  • * Cable bacteria are widespread and play a major role in sediment oxygen consumption and sulfide depletion.
  • * They influence the cycling of multiple elements, including Ca, Fe, Mn, N, and P.
  • * Emerging evidence shows their positive impact on environmental remediation processes.

Conclusions:

  • * Cable bacteria are key players in marine sediment ecosystems with diverse biogeochemical functions.
  • * Their activities contribute positively to mitigating environmental issues like eutrophication and hydrocarbon pollution.
  • * Further research on cable bacteria is crucial for understanding and harnessing their ecological benefits.