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Related Concept Videos

Power System Three-Phase Short Circuits01:21

Power System Three-Phase Short Circuits

88
Determining the subtransient fault current in a power system involves representing transformers by their leakage reactances, transmission lines by their equivalent series reactances, and synchronous machines as constant voltage sources behind their subtransient reactances. In this analysis, certain elements are excluded, such as winding resistances, series resistances, shunt admittances, delta-Y phase shifts, armature resistance, saturation, saliency, non-rotating impedance loads, and small...
88
Differential Relays01:20

Differential Relays

141
Differential relays are used to protect generators, buses, and transformers by comparing electrical quantities at different points. When a fault occurs, the difference in current between the two points triggers the relay to operate, opening the circuit breaker. Under normal conditions, the current entering (i1) and leaving (i2) a generator are equal. When a fault occurs, however, these currents become unequal, and the difference current flows in the relay operating coil, causing the relay to...
141
Three-Phase Short Circuit—Unloaded Synchronous Machine01:21

Three-Phase Short Circuit—Unloaded Synchronous Machine

147
Conducting a three-phase short circuit test on an unloaded synchronous machine helps understand its impact on the system. The AC fault current's oscillogram, with the DC offset removed, reveals that the waveform amplitude decreases from an initially high value to a steady-state level for one phase of the machine.
This behavior occurs due to the magnetic flux produced by the short-circuit armature currents. Initially, these currents follow high-reluctance paths but eventually shift to...
147
Transformers with Off-Nominal Turns Ratios01:25

Transformers with Off-Nominal Turns Ratios

157
In scenarios involving parallel transformers with disparate ratings, developing per-unit models requires accommodating off-nominal turns ratios. This situation arises when the selected base voltages are not proportional to the transformer’s voltage ratings. Consider a transformer where the rated voltages are related by the term a. If the chosen voltage bases satisfy a relationship involving term b, term c is defined as the ratio of these bases. This ratio is then substituted into the...
157
Series R—L Circuit Transients01:22

Series R—L Circuit Transients

102
In a series resistor-inductor (R-L) circuit, closing the switch at the start of the time period simulates a three-phase short circuit, a fault condition where all three phases of an unloaded synchronous machine are short-circuited. When there is no fault impedance and no initial current, the initial voltage is determined by the phase angle of the source voltage.
Using Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL) to analyze this circuit helps determine the total asymmetrical fault current, which consists...
102
Bus Impedance Matrix01:24

Bus Impedance Matrix

122
Calculating subtransient fault currents for three-phase faults in an N-bus power system involves using the positive-sequence network. When a three-phase short circuit occurs at a specific bus, the analysis uses the superposition method to evaluate two separate circuits.
In the first circuit, all machine voltage sources are short-circuited, leaving only the prefault voltage source at the fault location. The positive-sequence bus impedance matrix can be determined by solving the nodal equations,...
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Design and Application of a Fault Detection Method Based on Adaptive Filters and Rotational Speed Estimation for an Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator
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Transformer fault diagnosis method based on TLR-ADASYN balanced dataset.

Shan Guan1, Haiqi Yang2, Tongyu Wu1

  • 1School of Mechanic Engineering, Northeast Electric Power University, Jilin, 132012, China.

Scientific Reports
|December 28, 2023
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Summary

This study introduces a new method for transformer fault diagnosis using a balanced dataset and the SO-RF model. It improves accuracy by addressing imbalanced data, leading to reliable online transformer diagnostics.

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Power Systems Engineering
  • Artificial Intelligence in Engineering

Background:

  • Power transformers are critical for power system operation.
  • Dissolved gas analysis (DGA) is a common method for transformer fault diagnosis.
  • Limited fault samples and imbalanced data reduce DGA accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an effective transformer fault diagnosis method for imbalanced datasets.
  • To improve the accuracy and reliability of online transformer fault detection.
  • To address the limitations of traditional DGA methods in real-world scenarios.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized TLR-ADASYN for balancing transformer fault datasets.
  • Analyzed correlations between dissolved gas ratios and fault types.
  • Developed a Snake Optimization-Random Forest (SO-RF) diagnostic model.
  • Reduced feature dimensions by eliminating redundant information.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a diagnostic accuracy rate of 97.06% with the SO-RF model.
  • Effectively mitigated misjudgments caused by imbalanced fault samples.
  • Demonstrated strong generalization capabilities on a public dataset.
  • Validated the proposed method against various sampling techniques and models.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed TLR-ADASYN balanced dataset and SO-RF model offer a robust solution for transformer fault diagnosis.
  • The method enhances online diagnostic capabilities for power transformers.
  • The approach effectively handles data imbalance issues, improving overall detection accuracy.