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TRPML1 as a potential therapeutic target for triple-negative breast cancer: a review
Ying Pan1, Qiancheng Zhao2, Haitao He2
1Department of Histology and Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
Abstract:
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most refractory subtype of breast cancer, and effective treatments are urgently needed owing to its poor prognosis. Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, alone or in combination, are the leading choices for TNBC therapy. Although promising approaches and procedures have emerged, several challenges, such as off-target effects, drug resistance, and severe side effects, remain to be addressed. Recently, transient receptor potential channel mucolipin 1 (TRPML1) has attracted the attention of researchers because its expression has been implicated in numerous diseases, including cancer. TRPML1 regulates biological events and signaling pathways, including autophagic flux, exocytosis, ionic homeostasis, and lysosomal biogenesis, all contributing to tumorigenesis and cancer progression. TRPML1 also functions as a building block for cancer cell growth, mitogenic signaling, priming tissues for metastasis, and activation of transcriptional programs, processes involved in several malignant tumors. This review provides an overview of breast cancer epidemiology and diagnostic techniques and then discusses the existing therapeutics. Additionally, we elaborate on the development of, and associated challenges to, TNBC diagnostics and treatment and the feasibility of TRPML1 as a therapeutic target for TNBC.
Insights
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is aggressive, lacking effective treatments. This review explores TRPML1 channels as a potential therapeutic target for TNBC, addressing current treatment challenges.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) presents a significant clinical challenge due to its aggressive nature and limited therapeutic options.
- Current treatments like surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy face limitations including off-target effects, drug resistance, and severe side effects.
- Transient Receptor Potential Channel Mucolipin 1 (TRPML1) is increasingly recognized for its role in various diseases, including cancer progression.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epidemiology and diagnostic techniques for breast cancer.
- To discuss current therapeutic strategies and challenges in treating TNBC.
- To evaluate the potential of TRPML1 as a novel therapeutic target for TNBC.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of breast cancer epidemiology, diagnostics, and therapeutics.
- Analysis of the role of TRPML1 in cancer biology, including its regulation of cellular processes.
- Examination of existing research on TRPML1 in the context of TNBC.
Main Results:
- TRPML1 is implicated in key tumorigenic processes such as autophagic flux, ionic homeostasis, and lysosomal biogenesis.
- TRPML1 expression supports cancer cell growth, signaling pathways, metastasis, and transcriptional activation.
- Understanding TRPML1's function offers insights into TNBC pathogenesis.
Conclusions:
- TRPML1 plays a multifaceted role in cancer progression and may represent a viable therapeutic target for TNBC.
- Further research into TRPML1 modulation could lead to innovative treatment strategies for this challenging breast cancer subtype.
- Addressing the challenges in TNBC diagnostics and treatment is crucial for improving patient outcomes.
