Sjogren's syndrome: a neurological perspective

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Neurology
• Rheumatology

Background:

• Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disorder primarily targeting exocrine glands, causing dry eyes and mouth.
• Neurological manifestations are a significant, often debilitating, feature of SS, affecting both peripheral and central nervous systems.
• Understanding these neurological aspects is crucial for comprehensive patient management in SS.

Approach:

• This review synthesizes current literature on neurological involvement in Sjogren's syndrome.
• It covers the spectrum of neurological complications, from neuropathies to central nervous system disorders.
• Emphasis is placed on diagnostic strategies, therapeutic interventions, and prognostic factors.

Key Points:

• Peripheral nervous system involvement in SS commonly includes sensory and motor neuropathies.
• Central nervous system manifestations can range from cognitive dysfunction to myelopathy and encephalitis.
• Early and accurate diagnosis of neurological complications is essential for effective treatment and improved outcomes.

Conclusions:

• Sjogren's syndrome presents diverse neurological complications impacting quality of life.
• Multidisciplinary approaches are vital for diagnosing and managing SS-related neurological issues.
• Further research is needed to elucidate pathogenic mechanisms and develop targeted therapies for neurological SS.