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Fasting Versus a Heart-Healthy Diet Before Cardiac Catheterization: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

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Allowing a heart-healthy diet before cardiac catheterization improves patient satisfaction and reduces hunger and thirst without compromising safety. This study re-evaluates fasting guidelines for elective procedures.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Clinical Practice Guidelines
  • Patient Care

Background:

  • Traditional fasting protocols for cardiac catheterization lack evidence.
  • Current practice mandates nothing by mouth after midnight, potentially causing discomfort.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine optimal fasting requirements before cardiac catheterization.
  • To compare patient satisfaction and safety between a heart-healthy diet and traditional fasting.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective randomized controlled study involving 197 patients undergoing elective cardiac catheterization.
  • Patients were randomized into a heart-healthy diet group or a traditional fasting group.
  • Outcomes measured included patient satisfaction, thirst, hunger, and procedural complications.

Main Results:

  • The heart-healthy diet group reported significantly higher satisfaction.
  • Patients on the heart-healthy diet experienced less thirst and hunger.
  • No significant differences in safety outcomes like pneumonia, aspiration, or hypoglycemia were observed.

Conclusions:

  • Permitting a heart-healthy diet before elective cardiac catheterization is safe.
  • This approach enhances patient satisfaction and overall care.
  • Findings support revising pre-procedural fasting guidelines for conscious sedation cases.