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Factors Influencing Heart Rate01:30

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The heart rate, or pulse rate, is a vital indicator of cardiovascular health. It reflects the number of times the heart beats per minute. Various physiological and environmental factors influence heart rate, increasing or decreasing cardiac output. Understanding these factors is crucial for assessing heart function and identifying potential health issues.
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Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when...
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Heart rate variability in school-age children born moderate-to-late preterm.

Fabianne M N A Dantas1, Paulo A F Magalhães2, Emilly C N Hora3

  • 1Research Group of Neonatal and Pediatric Physical Therapy, Baby GrUPE, Universidade de Pernambuco, Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil; Department of Physical Therapy, Universidade de Pernambuco, Pernambuco, Brazil.

Early Human Development
|January 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Children born moderately to late preterm (MLPT) show similar heart rate variability (HRV) in school age compared to full-term peers. This suggests autonomic system plasticity or less impairment in MLPT children.

Keywords:
Autonomic nervous systemDescriptors: NeonatologyHeart ratePediatricsPremature newborn

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Cardiology
  • Autonomic Neuroscience

Background:

  • Prematurity is linked to diminished cardiac autonomic function.
  • Moderate-to-late preterm birth (MLPT) may impact long-term cardiovascular health.
  • Investigating heart rate variability (HRV) in MLPT children is crucial for understanding autonomic development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess heart rate variability (HRV) in school-aged children born moderately to late preterm (MLPT).
  • To compare cardiac autonomic function between MLPT children and those born at term.
  • To explore potential long-term effects of preterm birth on the autonomic nervous system.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of school-aged children (5-10 years).
  • Electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings for 15 minutes.
  • Analysis of time and frequency domain HRV parameters, corrected for heart rate.

Main Results:

  • 119 children (123 evaluated) included in the analysis.
  • No significant differences in HRV time and frequency domain parameters were found between MLPT and term-born children.
  • Specific indices of parasympathetic activity (RMSSD, pNN50%, HF) were comparable between groups.

Conclusions:

  • School-aged children born MLPT do not exhibit differences in HRV compared to term-born peers.
  • This suggests significant plasticity in cardiac autonomic modulation continues into school age.
  • Findings may indicate less autonomic system impairment in MLPT individuals than previously thought.