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Language Development01:22

Language Development

368
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
368
Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
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Learning Disabilities01:25

Learning Disabilities

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Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
147
Operant Conditioning Intervention01:24

Operant Conditioning Intervention

58
Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
58
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

348
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
348
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

84
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2025

Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking IPL: Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism
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Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Interventions for Developmental Language Disorder.

Stephen Camarata1, Suzanne Stiles1, Samara Birer1

  • 1Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN.

American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology
|January 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Naturalistic-developmental-behavioral interventions (NDBIs) effectively teach vocabulary to children with developmental language disorder (DLD). This approach shows promise for improving language skills and generalization in DLD interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Speech and Language Pathology
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Applied Behavior Analysis

Background:

  • Naturalistic-developmental-behavioral interventions (NDBIs) are established for autism spectrum disorder language deficits.
  • Developmental language disorder (DLD) presents challenges in vocabulary, social skills, and grammar.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Define naturalistic, developmental, and behavioral elements in NDBI for DLD.
  • Illustrate NDBI implementation for vocabulary acquisition and cross-modal generalization in DLD.

Main Methods:

  • A hybrid NDBI intervention (storybook reading, conversational recasts) was used.
  • Three participants with DLD received the intervention.
  • A single-case design was employed to evaluate effectiveness.

Main Results:

  • All participants acquired receptive and expressive vocabulary targets.
  • Extensive cross-modal generalization of vocabulary was observed.
  • Generalization varied, with some limitations noted in certain participants.

Conclusions:

  • NDBI procedures are applicable and effective for language intervention in DLD.
  • Naturalistic-developmental applied behavior analysis techniques support language development in DLD.
  • NDBI meets high standards for evidence-based practice in treating DLD.