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Obstructive and restrictive spirometry from school age to adulthood: three birth cohort studies
Anhar Ullah1,2, Raquel Granell3, Sadia Haider1,2
1National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, UK.
Eclinicalmedicine
|January 3, 2024
Summary
Maintaining healthy weight and avoiding maternal smoking during pregnancy can improve lung function. These factors influence the development and persistence of spirometric obstruction and restriction from childhood to adulthood.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Epidemiology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Spirometric obstruction and restriction are key indicators of poor health.
- Understanding their development and transitions is crucial for public health.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the development and transitions of spirometric obstruction and restriction phenotypes from childhood to early adulthood.
- To identify risk factors associated with the persistence or improvement of these lung function patterns.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of pooled data from three UK birth cohorts with longitudinal spirometry measures (childhood to early adulthood).
- Application of descriptive statistics, regression modeling, and data-driven modeling to classify lung function phenotypes.
- Examination of transitions between normal, restrictive, and obstructive spirometry patterns across different age groups.
Main Results:
- Approximately 10% exhibited obstructive and 9% restrictive spirometry patterns.
- A significant proportion of children with impaired lung function improved to normal lung function by early adulthood.
- Maternal smoking during pregnancy and current asthma increased the risk of persistent obstruction; lower BMI was associated with worsening restrictive phenotypes.
Conclusions:
- Lung function patterns can change significantly from childhood to adulthood, with opportunities for improvement.
- Maintaining optimal weight and reducing maternal smoking are key modifiable factors to improve lung function and prevent persistent obstruction and restriction.
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