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Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects

Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects

In an NMR sample, precise measurement of the absolute absorption frequencies of nuclei is difficult. A standard internal reference compound is added, and the frequency difference between the reference signal and sample signals is measured.
The internal reference compound generally used in NMR spectroscopy is tetramethylsilane (TMS). TMS is preferred because it is chemically inert, soluble in NMR solvents, and easily removable. Also, the highly shielded methyl protons in TMS yield an intense...

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Updated: Jul 6, 2025

Enhancing Efficiency and Radiolabeling Yields of Carbon-11 Radioligands for Clinical Research Using the Loop Method

Enhancing Efficiency and Radiolabeling Yields of Carbon-11 Radioligands for Clinical Research Using the Loop Method

Published on: December 20, 2024

Reference Intervals: A Hoffmann Method Improvement?

Dustin R Bunch^1,2, Christopher D Koch^3,4

¹Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, United States.

The Journal of Applied Laboratory Medicine

|January 3, 2024

Summary

No abstract available in PubMed .

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