Metal-organic frameworks as photocatalysts in energetic and environmental applications

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are an exciting new class of porous materials with great potential for photocatalytic applications in the environmental and energy sectors. MOFs provide significant advantages over more traditional materials when used as photocatalysts due to their high surface area, adaptable topologies, and functional ability. In this article, we summarize current developments in the use of MOFs as photocatalysts for a variety of applications, such as CO₂ reduction, water splitting, pollutant degradation, and hydrogen production. We discuss the fundamental properties of MOFs that make them ideal for photocatalytic applications, as well as strategies for improving their performance. The opportunities and challenges presented by this rapidly expanding field are also highlighted.