Implementation of Evidence-Based Practice and Burnout Among Occupational Therapists: The Role of Self-Efficacy
Tal Bar-Nizan1, Debbie Rand2, Yael Lahav3
1Tal Bar-Nizan, MSc, OT, is Occupational Therapist, Department of Occupational Therapy, The Stanley Steyer School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. At the time of the research, Bar-Nizan was Graduate Student, Department of Occupational Therapy, The Stanley Steyer School of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Importance:
Implementing evidence-based practice (EBP) is essential for ensuring optimal quality care and obtaining positive outcome in treatment. Occupational therapists generally hold positive attitudes toward EBP; however, EBP is not always fully implemented.
Objective:
To explore the mediating role of self-efficacy on the relationship between implementing EBP and burnout among occupational therapists.
Design:
A cross sectional study.
Setting:
Data were collected through social media and WhatsApp groups using an online survey accessible through Qualtrics, a secured web-based data collection system; responses were anonymous.
Participants:
The final sample consisted of 261 female Israeli occupational therapists (ages 24-65 yr, with 1-40 yr of clinical experience).
Outcomes And Measures:
The following questionnaires assessed EBP implementation, burnout, and self-efficacy, respectively: the EBP Implementation Scale, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the Occupational Therapy Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. Demographic data were also collected.
Results:
EBP implementation was low (0-43 points out of a maximum 72 points), moderate levels of burnout and high levels of self-efficacy were reported. Significant associations with medium effect sizes were found between EBP implementation and burnout: the higher the levels of EBP implementation, the lower the levels of burnout frequency and intensity. Moreover, self-efficacy mediated these relationships. EBP implementation was related to elevated self-efficacy, which, in turn, was associated with lower burnout.
Conclusions And Relevance:
EBP implementation may serve as an important tool to limit burnout among occupational therapists by fostering their trust in their ability to handle clinical challenges. Further research is needed. Plain-Language Summary: This study explored implementing evidence-based practice (EBP) and its relationships to burnout and work-related self-efficacy among occupational therapists. The study found that self-efficacy mediated the relationships between implementing EBP and burnout. Implementing EBP was associated with higher self-efficacy, which, in turn, was associated with lower burnout among occupational therapists.
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