The Feasibility of Using Virtual Reality With Debriefing as a Treatment Modality for Chronic Pain

ImportanceChronic pain is a leading cause of disability. Traditional rehabilitation approaches may not produce meaningful functional improvement, necessitating innovative approaches.ObjectiveTo assess the feasibility and acceptability of integrating fully immersive virtual reality (FIVR) and debriefing into occupational therapy (OT) for chronic pain management. We hypothesized that FIVR plus debriefing (IVRSOT) would improve pain, fear of movement, and confidence compared to standard OT (SOT).DesignIn this mixed methods feasibility study, participants were randomized to SOT or IVRSOT. Data were analyzed using nonparametric statistics and content analysis.SettingOutpatient interdisciplinary pain clinic using a biopsychosocial model.ParticipantsAdults with chronic pain, with 31 enrolled and 16 having data suitable for analysis.Outcomes and MeasuresPain intensity, pain interference, kinesiophobia, self-efficacy, and social functioning were assessed using validated tools.ResultsIVRSOT participants showed significant improvement in pain self-efficacy, fatigue, and pain interference, accompanied by a decline in physical function; between group comparisons for physical function and social role participation favored SOT. Qualitative data revealed enhanced engagement, insight, and functional carryover.Conclusion and RelevanceFIVR with debriefing is a feasible and engaging approach for chronic pain intervention, with the potential to enhance self-efficacy and functional outcomes.