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Multipath artifacts enable angular contrast in multimodal endoscopic optical coherence tomography.

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    Multipath artifacts in optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be repurposed. These artifacts reveal high-angle backscattering features, enabling new multipath contrast imaging from existing OCT data.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biomedical Optics
    • Optical Imaging
    • Fiber Optics

    Background:

    • Multipath artifacts are common in double-clad fiber optical coherence tomography (OCT).
    • These artifacts, arising from higher-order modes, typically degrade image quality in endoscopic multimodal OCT systems.
    • Previously considered a limitation, their potential utility has not been explored.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the potential of multipath artifacts in optical coherence tomography (OCT).
    • To demonstrate that these artifacts can be utilized to generate high-quality en face images encoding high-angle backscattering.
    • To introduce multipath contrast as a novel imaging modality.

    Main Methods:

    • Experimental and simulation-based characterization of scatterer coupling into fundamental and artifact modes.
    • Imaging of microspheres using an endoscopic multimodal OCT system.
    • Development of multipath contrast as a ratiometric measurement of differential coupling.

    Main Results:

    • Multipath artifacts can be projected into high-quality 2D en face images.
    • These images reveal high-angle backscattering features from Mie-range scatterers.
    • Multipath contrast provides information on sample angular diversity and can be generated from existing OCT data.

    Conclusions:

    • Multipath artifacts in OCT are not solely detrimental and can be leveraged for imaging.
    • Multipath contrast offers a new method for analyzing sample angular diversity.
    • This technique allows for retrospective analysis of a large volume of clinical OCT data.