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Measuring visually guided motor performance in ultra low vision using virtual reality.

Arathy Kartha1,2, Roksana Sadeghi1,3, Chris Bradley1

  • 1Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|January 5, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A new virtual reality tool, Wilmer VRH, effectively assesses hand-eye coordination in individuals with ultra low vision (ULV). This validated measure aids in vision restoration trials and rehabilitation for profound visual impairment.

Keywords:
hand-eye coordinationoutcome measures and assessmentsultra low visionvirtual realityvision restoration

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Rehabilitation Science
  • Human-Computer Interaction

Background:

  • Ultra low vision (ULV) presents significant challenges in daily functioning.
  • Existing tools for assessing visual ability in ULV are limited.
  • Hand-eye coordination is crucial for many functional tasks, yet difficult to measure in ULV.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and calibrate a novel performance test, Wilmer VRH, for assessing hand-eye coordination in individuals with ULV.
  • To validate the Wilmer VRH tool using a robust statistical model.
  • To provide a reliable outcome measure for ULV research and clinical practice.

Main Methods:

  • Developed 55 virtual reality (VR) activities for reaching, grasping, stacking, and more.
  • Collected data from healthy volunteers (simulated ULV) and participants with ULV.
  • Analyzed data using the method of successive dichotomizations (MSD), a Rasch model, to estimate ability and difficulty.

Main Results:

  • The Wilmer VRH demonstrated high reliability (person 0.91, item 0.94) and unidimensionality.
  • Item and person measures were well-targeted to the ULV population.
  • Completion rates varied significantly across normal vision, simulated ULV, and actual ULV conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The Wilmer VRH is a calibrated and validated VR-based tool for assessing hand-eye coordination in individuals with ULV.
  • This tool addresses a critical need for outcome measures in vision restoration trials and rehabilitation for ULV.
  • Wilmer VRH offers a standardized approach to evaluating functional vision in profound visual impairment.