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We demonstrate how arrays of trapped rubidium-87 atoms in an optical cavity can control light scattering. Atom arrangement precisely tunes collective enhancement and suppression, impacting cavity light intensity and resonance properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Atomic physics
  • Cavity quantum electrodynamics

Background:

  • Collective light-matter interactions are crucial in quantum optics.
  • Optical cavities enhance light-atom interactions.
  • Tweezer arrays offer precise control over atomic positions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate collective enhancement and suppression of light scattering by atom arrays in an optical cavity.
  • To explore the influence of atomic arrangement on light-matter interactions.
  • To demonstrate control over cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) in the single- to many-body regimes.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing an array of tweezer-trapped Rubidium-87 atoms within a strongly coupled Fabry-Pérot optical cavity.
  • Illuminating the atom array with light transverse to the cavity axis in the low saturation regime.
  • Detecting scattered photons within the cavity and analyzing the polarization of emitted light.

Main Results:

  • Observed N^2 scaling of cavity photon number for integer-wavelength spacing, indicating collective enhancement.
  • Demonstrated nonmonotonic, subradiant cavity intensity for half-integer-wavelength spacing due to destructive interference.
  • Showcased collective enhancement or suppression of Rayleigh scattering relative to Raman scattering.
  • Tuned atom-induced shifts and broadenings of cavity resonance by varying atom number and positions.

Conclusions:

  • Tweezer arrays provide precise control over light scattering in optical cavities.
  • Atomic arrangement dictates collective quantum phenomena, enabling tunable light-matter interactions.
  • This work extends control in atomic cavity QED from single atoms to many-body systems.