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Implicature priming, salience, and context adaptation.

Paul Marty1, Jacopo Romoli2, Yasutada Sudo3

  • 1L-Università ta' Malta, Malta.

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|January 5, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Priming effects on quantity implicatures are not solely due to increased salience of alternatives. Novel experiments reveal these effects are inverse preference phenomena, influenced by context adaptation and probabilistic expectations.

Keywords:
AlternativesContext adaptationInverse preferencePriming effectsQuantity implicaturesRelevanceSalience

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Cognitive Science
  • Experimental Semantics

Background:

  • Previous research identified 'Strong-Weak' and 'Alternative-Weak' priming effects on quantity implicatures.
  • These effects were hypothesized to stem from increased salience of alternative expressions.
  • Existing priming paradigms lacked crucial baseline conditions for robust analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To challenge the salience-based explanation of quantity implicature priming.
  • To investigate the role of novel baseline conditions in understanding priming effects.
  • To explore priming mechanisms for ad hoc implicatures and the impact of syntactic complexity.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental design incorporating novel baseline conditions absent in prior implicature priming studies.
  • Analysis of priming effects across different prime types (Strong, Weak, Alternative).
  • Investigation of alternative priming for ad hoc implicatures using varying sentence complexity (simple, conjunctive).

Main Results:

  • Observed priming effects are characterized as inverse preference effects, favoring unexpected interpretations.
  • Priming effects are contingent on baseline expectations, with all tested prime types showing effects.
  • For ad hoc implicatures, priming occurs with complex conjunctive constructions but not simple sentences; priming increases with more conjuncts.

Conclusions:

  • The salience hypothesis for quantity implicature priming is not supported.
  • A novel 'context adaptation' process, involving incremental changes in probabilistic expectations, better explains the observed priming phenomena.
  • Syntactic complexity and the number of conjuncts significantly influence priming effects for ad hoc implicatures.