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Optimized spatial information for 1990, 2000, and 2010 U.S. census microdata.

Christopher S Fowler1, James D Gaboardi2, Jonathan P Schroeder3

  • 1Department of Geography, Penn State University, State College, USA. csfowler@psu.edu.

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We have enhanced the spatial accuracy of U.S. decennial census data from 1990, 2000, and 2010. The Optimized Spatial Census Information Linked Across Time (OSCILAT) dataset enables precise small-area change analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Demography
  • Geographic Information Science
  • Statistical Data Management

Background:

  • Historical U.S. decennial census data lack precise spatial accuracy.
  • Prior to recent improvements, spatial information in census responses was limited.
  • Analyzing small geographic areas over time presents significant data challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To upgrade the positional accuracy of U.S. decennial census responses from 1990, 2000, and 2010.
  • To create a linked dataset (OSCILAT) for improved spatial and longitudinal analysis.
  • To enable exact tabulations of census data for arbitrary spatial units.

Main Methods:

  • Developed and applied methods to enhance the spatial accuracy of historical census response data.
  • Integrated 1990, 2000, and 2010 census data into a unified, spatially improved dataset.
  • Stored the Optimized Spatial Census Information Linked Across Time (OSCILAT) in a restricted Federal Statistical Research Data Center (FSRDC) data warehouse.

Main Results:

  • Successfully upgraded the positional accuracy for all responses in the 1990, 2000, and 2010 U.S. decennial censuses.
  • The OSCILAT dataset significantly improves spatial accuracy and completeness for older census data.
  • Enabled precise spatial and longitudinal analysis, including tabulations within 2020 block boundaries.

Conclusions:

  • The OSCILAT dataset provides a foundation for more accurate historical demographic research.
  • Enhanced spatial data facilitates precise measurement of change over time in small geographic areas.
  • Access to OSCILAT, via the FSRDC system, supports detailed analysis of U.S. population dynamics.