Hydroxytrifluoroethylation and Trifluoroacetylation Reactions via SET Processes

Area of Science:

• Organic Chemistry
• Medicinal Chemistry
• Fluorine Chemistry

Background:

• Hydroxytrifluoroethyl and trifluoroacetyl groups are crucial for biologically active compounds.
• Traditional synthesis methods often require harsh conditions or multiple steps.
• Limited direct methods exist for incorporating these vital fluorinated motifs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review modern synthetic strategies for incorporating hydroxytrifluoroethyl and trifluoroacetyl groups.
• To highlight advancements driven by radical chemistry.
• To provide an overview of single-electron transfer-mediated processes.

Main Methods:

• Photocatalysis
• Transition metal catalysis
• Hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) processes
• Radical chemistry approaches

Main Results:

• Recent advances in radical chemistry offer direct routes to fluorinated compounds.
• Photocatalytic, transition metal-mediated, and HAT processes are effective.
• These methods overcome limitations of traditional synthetic approaches.

Conclusions:

• Radical chemistry has revolutionized the synthesis of key fluorinated motifs.
• Direct installation of hydroxytrifluoroethyl and trifluoroacetyl groups is now more accessible.
• These advancements facilitate the development of novel biologically active compounds.