The SVZ stem cell niche-components, functions, and in vitro modelling
1Research Group Brain Development and Evolution, German Primate Center, Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|January 8, 2024
Summary
The subventricular zone niche supports basal progenitor cells, crucial for neocortical expansion. Understanding its components, like extracellular matrix and vasculature, is key for modeling human brain development.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Biology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Neocortical development relies on neural stem and progenitor cells.
- Basal progenitors in the subventricular zone (SVZ) are critical for neocortical expansion.
- The specific components of the SVZ stem cell niche remain incompletely understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review potential components of the SVZ stem cell niche.
- To explore the role of extracellular matrix and vasculature in niche formation.
- To highlight the utility of brain organoids in studying SVZ niche and basal progenitors.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of SVZ stem cell niche components.
- Discussion of basal progenitor cell biology and morphology.
- Focus on brain organoid models for neocortical development.
Main Results:
- Extracellular matrix composition and brain vasculature are potential key niche components.
- Basal progenitor morphology may be crucial for maintaining proliferation within the SVZ niche.
- Brain organoids offer a model to study basal radial glia and SVZ niche components.
Conclusions:
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the SVZ stem cell niche.
- Brain organoids show promise for modeling human neocortical development and evolution.
- Improved brain organoid models are essential for advancing developmental neuroscience.
More Related Videos
09:19Author Spotlight: Improved Nucleofection for High-Efficiency Gene Delivery in Murine Subventricular Zone-Derived Neural Stem Cell Cultures
Published on: June 14, 2024
2.3K
10:48Differentiation of a Human Neural Stem Cell Line on Three Dimensional Cultures, Analysis of MicroRNA and Putative Target Genes
Published on: April 12, 2015
10.0K
Related Concept Videos
01:26Stem Cell Niche
5.1K
The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
5.1K
01:19Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
3.1K
The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
3.1K
01:10Zygotic Development And Stem Cell Formation
5.2K
The development of all multicellular organisms starts with the fusion of haploid cells called sperm and egg to form a diploid zygote. A zygote is a totipotent cell that can develop into a complete organism. The zygote undergoes cell division or cleavage to form an 8-cell mass. Until this stage, the cells are spherical, loosely attached, and remain totipotent. Totipotent cells are capable of developing both the embryonic and the extraembryonic tissues. However, as they continue to divide, they...
5.2K
01:21Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration
4.1K
Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell...
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell...
4.1K
01:17Stem Cell Culture
5.2K
Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
5.2K
01:33Adult Stem Cells
29.2K
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
29.2K