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Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilation of the Brachial Artery in Clinical Research
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Paradox of the Relationship between Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index and Ankle-Brachial Index in Patients with Lower

Yoko Sotoda1, Shigeki Hirooka1, Hiroyuki Orita1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Yamagata Saisei Hospital, Yamagata, Yamagata, Japan.

Annals of Vascular Diseases
|January 8, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) shows unexpected positive links with ankle-brachial index (ABI) and toe-brachial index (TBI) in lower extremity artery disease (LEAD) patients. These findings suggest CAVI may offer unique insights into arterial stiffness in LEAD.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Diagnostics
  • Arterial Stiffness Assessment

Background:

  • Ankle-brachial index (ABI) and toe-brachial index (TBI) are standard for diagnosing lower extremity artery disease (LEAD).
  • Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is a blood pressure-independent measure of arterial stiffness.
  • The relationship between CAVI and ABI/TBI in LEAD patients requires clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between CAVI and ABI/TBI in patients diagnosed with LEAD.
  • To evaluate if CAVI correlates with exercise-induced changes in lower extremity arterial blood flow.

Main Methods:

  • 165 outpatients with LEAD were analyzed.
  • Measurements included ABI, TBI, and exercise-induced percentage decrease in ABI.
  • Statistical analyses were performed, adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors.

Main Results:

  • CAVI demonstrated significant positive correlations with both ABI and TBI.
  • CAVI showed significant inverse correlations with the exercise-induced percentage decrease in ABI.
  • These associations remained significant after adjusting for age, BMI, blood pressure, diabetes, and smoking.

Conclusions:

  • CAVI exhibits paradoxical associations in LEAD patients, positively correlating with ABI and TBI.
  • CAVI is inversely associated with exercise-induced ABI reduction in LEAD.
  • These findings suggest CAVI may provide distinct information on arterial stiffness in the context of LEAD.

Keywords:
ankle-brachial indexarterial stiffnesscardio-ankle vascular indexlower extremity artery diseasetoe-brachial index

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