Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

143
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
143
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

332
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
332
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

180
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
180
Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT01:30

Radiological Investigation I: X-ray and CT

241
Radiological investigations, including X-rays and computed tomography (CT) scans, are critical for diagnosing and evaluating various medical conditions. These imaging techniques provide valuable insights into the body's internal structures, aiding in the detection of abnormalities, assessment of disease progression, and development of treatment strategies. This article delves into two primary radiological investigations, chest X-rays and CT scans, outlining their purpose, procedures, and...
241
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

243
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
243
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

239
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
239

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Community-based tuberculosis screening with computer-aided detection technology alone and in combination with point-of-care C-reactive protein testing: a paired screen-positive trial.

The Lancet. Infectious diseases·2026
Same author

Assessment of modifications to a blind-sweep ultrasound protocol for improved lower-uterus imaging by novice operators.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Exploring GPT-based models for depression detection in adolescents using naturalistic speech: A proof-of-concept study.

Journal of affective disorders·2026
Same author

Couple-based intervention for HIV prevention, care and treatment in South Africa: a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of Simunye.

BMJ open·2026
Same author

Large Language Model Automated Extraction of Clinical Signs and Symptoms From Emergency Department Reports for Machine Learning Prediction Models: Development and Validation Study.

JMIR medical informatics·2026
Same author

Integrating clinical decision support and mobile health for differentiated HIV service delivery in Lesotho (VITAL): a cluster-randomised non-inferiority trial.

EClinicalMedicine·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 6, 2025

The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis
23:06

The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis

Published on: August 11, 2008

19.1K

Computer-aided detection thresholds for digital chest radiography interpretation in tuberculosis diagnostic

Fiona Vanobberghen1,2, Alfred Kipyegon Keter3,4,5, Bart K M Jacobs3

  • 1Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland.

ERJ Open Research
|January 10, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Determining computer-aided detection (CAD) thresholds for tuberculosis screening is challenging without complete reference testing. This study found a CAD4TBv7 threshold of 13 robust, offering a practical approach for prevalence surveys.

More Related Videos

Lung CT Segmentation to Identify Consolidations and Ground Glass Areas for Quantitative Assesment of SARS-CoV Pneumonia
08:05

Lung CT Segmentation to Identify Consolidations and Ground Glass Areas for Quantitative Assesment of SARS-CoV Pneumonia

Published on: December 19, 2020

14.2K
Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis with the Xpert MTB/RIF Test
08:10

Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis with the Xpert MTB/RIF Test

Published on: April 9, 2012

80.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2025

The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis
23:06

The MODS method for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistant tuberculosis

Published on: August 11, 2008

19.1K
Lung CT Segmentation to Identify Consolidations and Ground Glass Areas for Quantitative Assesment of SARS-CoV Pneumonia
08:05

Lung CT Segmentation to Identify Consolidations and Ground Glass Areas for Quantitative Assesment of SARS-CoV Pneumonia

Published on: December 19, 2020

14.2K
Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis with the Xpert MTB/RIF Test
08:10

Diagnosing Pulmonary Tuberculosis with the Xpert MTB/RIF Test

Published on: April 9, 2012

80.7K

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Medical Imaging
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology

Background:

  • Computer-aided detection (CAD) software aids tuberculosis (TB) screening and triage.
  • Determining optimal CAD thresholds is difficult when not all individuals undergo reference testing.
  • National TB prevalence surveys offer a potential resource for establishing these thresholds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine appropriate thresholds for CAD4TB version 7 software using secondary analysis of the 2019 Lesotho national tuberculosis prevalence survey.
  • To evaluate the performance of CAD4TBv7 in a real-world community screening setting with incomplete bacteriological data.

Main Methods:

  • Chest radiographs of 17,070 participants aged ≥15 years were analyzed using CAD4TBv7.
  • Six methodological approaches were employed to address participants lacking bacteriological test results (Xpert MTB/RIF and culture).
  • Multiple imputation and assumptions about untested individuals were used to estimate TB prevalence and assess diagnostic accuracy.

Main Results:

  • A total of 5,214 participants had their TB status determined, with 142 confirmed cases.
  • Prevalence estimates varied across methods (0.83-2.72%).
  • A CAD4TBv7 threshold of 13 achieved 89.7% sensitivity and 74.2% specificity, aligning with WHO target product profile criteria, particularly when assuming untested individuals were negative.

Conclusions:

  • This study is the first to assess CAD4TB in community screening using diverse methods for unknown TB status.
  • The assumption that untested individuals are negative proved robust for threshold determination.
  • The proposed analytical approach is straightforward and can be adapted for CAD threshold determination in similar prevalence surveys globally.