Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 5, 2026
Psychophysiological Assessment of the Effectiveness of Emotion Regulation Strategies in Childhood
Published on: February 11, 2017
Reliability and validity of artificial intelligence-based innovative digital scale for the assessment of anxiety in
R M Shetty1, T Walia2, O Ts Osman3
1Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajman, UAE - Center of Medical and Bio-allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University - Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Declared as Deemed-to-be University) Wardha, Maharashtra, India.
Aim:
To assess the reliability and validity of an AI-based, innovative digital scale for the assessment of dental anxiety in children.
Background:
Dental anxiety still persists as a potential problem in managing the child in the dental office. There is a need to develop a gold standard scale to measure anxiety in children incorporating newer technology. An innovative self-reported scale known as RMSDigital Anxiety Scale (RMS-DAS) incorporating artificial intelligence (AI) was developed.
Methods:
Seventy-six children (aged 4-12 years) were included in the reliability group. The RMS-DAS test score was recorded on Day 1 where the child was asked to click on the expression produced by AI that matches his/her anxiety level the most at that moment. RMS-DAS retest score was recorded after 7 days. The validity group included 140 children. The anxiety scores were recorded using three scales; RMS-DAS, RMS-Pictorial Scale (RMS-PS) and Facial Image Scale (FIS) during the same visit where the child was asked to click on the expression that matches his/her anxiety level the most at that moment. Reliability was assessed by the internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha and the test-retest was assessed using paired t-test, scatterplot, and coefficient correlation. The validity of RMS-DAS was assessed by correlating it with RMS-PS and FIS using Spearman's correlation coefficient.
Conclusion:
RMS-DAS is a reliable and valid scale that can be used as a new digital tool to assess children's dental anxiety.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Measures of Intelligence
Validity refers to how well a test measures what it claims to measure. An intelligence test should accurately assess intelligence rather than another characteristic, like anxiety. Criterion validity is one way to evaluate this; it...
01:23Wechsler's Contribution to Measures of Intelligence