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Olfactory threshold in Parkinson's disease.

N P Quinn, M N Rossor, C D Marsden

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry

|January 1, 1987

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Olfactory threshold impairment is confirmed in Parkinson's disease patients. This olfactory deficit is not linked to disease duration, sex, age, or common Parkinson's medications.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Olfactory Research
Movement Disorders

Background:

Olfactory dysfunction is a common non-motor symptom in idiopathic Parkinson's disease.
Previous studies have reported impaired olfactory thresholds in Parkinsonian subjects.

Purpose of the Study:

To confirm olfactory threshold impairment in idiopathic Parkinson's disease.
To investigate correlations between olfactory threshold and clinical factors.
To assess the impact of dopaminergic and cholinergic therapy on olfactory function.

Main Methods:

Determined olfactory threshold to amyl acetate in 78 idiopathic Parkinson's disease patients and 40 age-matched controls.
Analyzed correlations with age, sex, disease duration, and medication.
Evaluated olfactory threshold in levodopa-treated patients during "on-off" fluctuations.

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Main Results:

Confirmed significantly impaired olfactory thresholds in Parkinson's disease patients compared to controls.
Found no significant correlation between olfactory threshold and age, sex, disease duration, or levodopa/anticholinergic therapy.
Observed no change in olfactory threshold between "on" and "off" states in levodopa-treated patients with severe fluctuations.

Conclusions:

Olfactory impairment is a consistent finding in Parkinson's disease.
The olfactory deficit in Parkinson's disease appears independent of disease duration, age, sex, and current dopaminergic or cholinergic treatments.
Mechanisms underlying olfactory impairment in Parkinson's disease may not be modulated by pharmacologic manipulation of these neurotransmitter systems.