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A Morphometric and Cellular Analysis Method for the Murine Mandibular Condyle
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Correlation between TMJ Space Alteration and Disc Displacement: A Retrospective CBCT and MRI Study.

Wenjing Yu1, Hyeran Helen Jeon1, Soriul Kim2

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 240 South 40th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 11, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A large anterior and reduced posterior/superior joint space on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans can predict temporomandibular joint disc displacement. This finding aids in diagnosing joint disorders using CBCT imaging.

Keywords:
cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)disc displacementmagnetic resonance imaging (MRI)temporomandibular joint space

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Radiology
  • Orthodontics

Background:

  • Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are common, with disc displacement being a significant factor.
  • Accurate diagnosis of disc displacement is crucial for effective TMD management.
  • Current diagnostic methods may have limitations in predicting disc displacement non-invasively.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the predictability of altered temporomandibular joint (TMJ) space ratios on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) for diagnosing disc displacement.
  • To determine if a large anterior and reduced posterior/superior joint space on CBCT is a reliable indicator of disc displacement.

Main Methods:

  • Fifty-two symptomatic TMD joints (experimental) and 14 asymptomatic joints (control) were analyzed.
  • Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used to measure posterior-to-anterior (P-A) and superior-to-anterior (S-A) joint space ratios.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed disc position. Statistical analyses included ANCOVA and ROC analysis.

Main Results:

  • Disc displacement was diagnosed in 45 of 52 experimental joints, while all 14 control joints had normal disc positions.
  • Significantly different P-A and S-A ratios were observed between control, normal disc position (N), and disc displacement (DD) groups (p < 0.001).
  • Altered P-A and/or S-A ratios on CBCT demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for predicting disc displacement.

Conclusions:

  • Altered joint space ratios, specifically a large anterior and reduced posterior/superior space, are highly predictive of temporomandibular joint disc displacement.
  • CBCT assessment of joint space ratios offers a valuable, predictable diagnostic tool for disc displacement in TMD patients.
  • This imaging biomarker can enhance diagnostic accuracy and inform treatment strategies for TMD.