Effects of Immersive Virtual Reality on Upper-Extremity Stroke Rehabilitation: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis

Area of Science:

• Neurorehabilitation
• Virtual Reality Applications
• Stroke Recovery

Background:

• Stroke rehabilitation increasingly utilizes virtual reality (VR) as an innovative tool.
• Fully immersive VR simulates real-life scenarios, enhancing patient engagement and therapeutic outcomes.
• Previous studies suggest promising results for VR in improving post-stroke motor functions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To assess the efficacy of immersive VR-based therapy for stroke patients.
• To evaluate the impact on upper extremities, activities of daily living (ADLs), and pain.
• To determine the acceptability and identify potential side effects of immersive VR therapy.

Main Methods:

• Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
• Searched major databases: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science.
• Included 10 studies with 324 participants comparing immersive VR with conventional rehabilitation.

Main Results:

• Immersive VR showed significant improvements in ADLs (SMD 0.58) and overall function (Fugl-Meyer Assessment, MD 6.33) versus conventional therapy.
• Significant gains were observed in shoulder (MD 4.96), wrist (MD 2.41), and hand function (MD 2.60).
• The therapy demonstrated high acceptability and minimal side effects in stroke survivors.

Conclusions:

• Immersive VR is a valuable and effective therapeutic option for stroke survivors.
• It enhances upper-limb function, ADL performance, and overall recovery.
• The engaging nature of immersive VR promotes better patient participation in rehabilitation.