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Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

Potential Due to a Magnetized Object

Magnetic dipoles in magnetic materials are aligned when placed under an external magnetic field. For paramagnets and ferromagnets, dipole alignment occurs in the direction of the magnetic field. However, the dipoles align opposite to the field in the case of diamagnets. This state of magnetic polarization due to the external field is called magnetization. Magnetization is defined as the dipole moment per unit volume. It plays a similar role to polarization in electrostatics.
The vector...

Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions

Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions

An electric field suffers a discontinuity at a surface charge. Similarly, a magnetic field is discontinuous at a surface current. The perpendicular component of a magnetic field is continuous across the interface of two magnetic mediums. In contrast, its parallel component, perpendicular to the current, is discontinuous by the amount equal to the product of the vacuum permeability and the surface current. Like the scalar potential in electrostatics, the vector potential is also continuous...

Magnetic Damping

Magnetic Damping

Eddy currents can produce significant drag on motion, called magnetic damping. For instance, when a metallic pendulum bob swings between the poles of a strong magnet, significant drag acts on the bob as it enters and leaves the field, quickly damping the motion.
If, however, the bob is a slotted metal plate, the magnet produces a much smaller effect. When a slotted metal plate enters the field, an emf is induced by the change in flux; however, it is less effective because the slots limit the...

Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability

Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability

In linear magnetic materials, like paramagnets and diamagnets, magnetization is proportional to the magnetic field intensity. The constant of proportionality, a dimensionless number, is called magnetic susceptibility. The value of the susceptibility depends on the type of material.
When diamagnetic materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Hence, the susceptibility for diamagnets has a minimal negative value of 10-5–10-6. Since...

Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges

Magnetic Field due to Moving Charges

A stationary charge creates and interacts with the electric field, while a moving charge creates a magnetic field.
Consider a point charge moving with a constant velocity. Like the electric field, the magnetic field at any point is directly proportional to the magnitude of the charge and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the source point and the field point. However, unlike the electric field, the magnetic field is always perpendicular to the plane containing the line...

Magnetic Field Due To A Thin Straight Wire

Magnetic Field Due To A Thin Straight Wire

Consider an infinitely long straight wire carrying a current I. The magnetic field at point P at a distance a from the origin can be calculated using the Biot-Savart law.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Frequency Mixing Magnetic Detection Scanner for Imaging Magnetic Particles in Planar Samples

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Published on: June 9, 2016

Modeling the Converse Magnetoelectric Effect in the Low-Frequency Range.

Mirza Bichurin¹, Oleg Sokolov¹, Sergey Ivanov¹

¹Yaroslav-the-Wise Novgorod State University, 173003 Velikiy Novgorod, Russia.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

|January 11, 2024

Summary

This study details the converse magnetoelectric (CME) effect theory for various resonance modes, offering new insights into low-frequency applications like CME antennas. Calculations provide CME coefficients for different material structures.

Keywords:

bimorph structure converse magnetoelectric effect direct magnetoelectric effect electromechanical resonance magnetoelectric coefficient magnetoelectric composite magnetoelectric effect resonance mode

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Area of Science:

Multiferroic materials science
Solid-state physics
Electromagnetism

Background:

The direct magnetoelectric (DME) effect is well-studied, but the converse magnetoelectric (CME) effect requires further investigation.
Understanding CME effects is crucial for developing novel low-frequency magnetoelectric (ME) antennas and sensors.

Purpose of the Study:

To theoretically analyze the CME effect across longitudinal, bending, longitudinal-shear, and torsional resonance modes.
To provide detailed calculations and graphical representations of CME coefficients for various material structures.

Main Methods:

Theoretical modeling of CME effects in Metglas/PZT (LN) and Metglas/GaAs structures.
Analysis of symmetric and asymmetric structures under different boundary conditions (free, fixed-end).
Consideration of quasi-static regimes alongside resonance modes.

Main Results:

Calculated CME coefficients for longitudinal mode in symmetric/asymmetric Metglas/PZT (LN) structures.
Analyzed bending mode in asymmetric and fixed-end Metglas/PZT (LN) structures.
Investigated longitudinal-shear and torsional modes in Metglas/GaAs structures, suggesting experimental identification for torsion using Metglas/bimorphic LN.

Conclusions:

The study provides a comprehensive theoretical framework for the CME effect in various modes.
Results offer valuable data for designing low-frequency ME devices, particularly antennas.
Graphical representations of CME coefficients facilitate practical application and further research.