Heart rate variability and tension-type headache: A population-based cross-sectional study.

Area of Science:

• Neurology
• Autonomic Nervous System Research
• Public Health

Background:

• Tension-type headache (TTH) is a prevalent disorder with poorly understood links to autonomic functions.
• Heart rate variability (HRV) is a key indicator of autonomic activity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the direct and indirect effects of TTH on autonomic functions using HRV.
• To explore the role of psychological factors in the TTH-autonomic function relationship.

Main Methods:

• A population-based cross-sectional study in Ulaanbaatar (n=217) involving physical exams, structured interviews, and HRV recording.
• Assessment of psychological factors (anxiety, depression, sleep quality) and quality of life.
• Statistical analysis using binary logistic regression and GLM mediation models.

Main Results:

• TTH prevalence was 43%; no statistical differences in HRV indices between groups.
• Sympathovagal balance (LF/HF) correlated with HADS anxiety; TTH associated with mental distress.
• Decreased RMSSD and pNN50 predicted TTH; mental distress mediated the TTH-RMSSD relationship.

Conclusions:

• Mental distress is a critical mediator between TTH and autonomic dysfunction.
• Age and gender influence TTH.
• Understanding pathophysiology is crucial for effective TTH prevention and management.