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Nrf2, A Target for Precision Oncology in Cancer Prognosis and Treatment

Hoang Kieu Chi Ngo1, Hoang Le2, Young-Joon Surh1,3

  • 1Tumor Microenvironment Global Core Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

Journal of Cancer Prevention
|January 11, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) mutations can promote cancer cell growth and resistance. Understanding these genetic alterations is crucial for developing targeted cancer therapies in precision medicine.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) is a key regulator of cellular redox homeostasis.
  • While Nrf2 typically suppresses cancer initiation in normal cells, it can promote proliferation in transformed cells.
  • Mutations in Nrf2 lead to protein stabilization and accumulation in tumor cells, contributing to cancer progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the dual role of Nrf2 in cancer, focusing on the impact of its mutations.
  • To highlight the significance of understanding Nrf2 genetic alterations for cancer prognosis and treatment.
  • To discuss potential therapeutic strategies targeting Nrf2 mutations in cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on Nrf2 function, mutations, and cancer biology.
  • Analysis of the implications of Nrf2 hyperactivation in tumor cells.
  • Exploration of therapeutic interventions including small molecules, RNAi, and genome editing.

Main Results:

  • Mutant Nrf2 enhances cancer cell proliferation, invasiveness, and resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
  • Nrf2 mutations are associated with poor clinical outcomes in cancer patients.
  • Targeting Nrf2 mutations offers a promising avenue for precision cancer medicine.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding Nrf2 mutations is critical for advancing precision medicine in oncology.
  • Therapeutic strategies like CRISPR-Cas9 targeting Nrf2 present new possibilities for cancer treatment.
  • Further research into Nrf2's role in cancer is essential for improving patient prognosis and treatment efficacy.
Keywords:
Gene therapyMutationPrecision medicine

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