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Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: An Overview.

Laura M Saunders1, Hushil S Sandhu2, Lorcán McBride1

  • 1School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, GBR.

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|January 12, 2024
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a growing spinal condition in older adults. Early diagnosis and surgical intervention are key to halting progression and improving neurological function.

Keywords:
anatomyanterior cervical discectomy fusiondegenerative cervical myelopathyliterature reviewmodified japanese orthopaedic association scoremusculoskeletal imagingposterior cervical decompression and fusionspinal surgery complicationsurgical management of spine

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Orthopedics
  • Spinal Surgery

Background:

  • Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is an increasingly prevalent spinal condition affecting the aging population.
  • It results from cervical spine degeneration due to disc aging, osteophytes, ligament issues, or congenital anomalies.
  • Symptoms range from hand paresthesia to severe gait and bowel/bladder dysfunction.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a literature overview of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM).
  • To identify key diagnostic methods and treatment options for DCM.
  • To highlight areas for future research in DCM.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM).
  • Discussion of diagnostic tools including MRI, dynamic MRI, myelography, and diffusion tensor imaging.
  • Analysis of the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) score for severity classification.

Main Results:

  • DCM diagnosis relies on clinical presentation and imaging (MRI is gold standard).
  • The mJOA score aids in categorizing DCM severity (mild, moderate, severe).
  • Surgical treatment (anterior cervical discectomy, corpectomy, posterior approach) is primary for halting progression and enabling recovery.

Conclusions:

  • Surgical intervention is the primary treatment for degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM), aiming to halt progression and facilitate neurological recovery.
  • Conservative management (physical therapy, traction, immobilization) is an option for mild or non-progressive cases.
  • Further research is recommended on DCM prevalence across populations and the efficacy of conservative treatments.