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A Technique for Subcutaneous Abdominal Adipose Tissue Biopsy via a Non-diathermy Method
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Adipose biopsy techniques for studies in human exercise physiology.

Colleen E Lynch1, Anna R Brandt1, Caroline S Vincenty1

  • 1Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States.

American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology
|January 15, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Two adipose biopsy techniques, Bergström needle and Mercedes wet mini-liposuction, yield high-quality tissue for exercise physiology research. Both methods are suitable for analyzing adipocyte size, mRNA, and protein levels in nonobese individuals.

Keywords:
BergströmMercedesadiposebiopsyhistology

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Area of Science:

  • Exercise Physiology
  • Adipose Tissue Biology
  • Biopsy Techniques

Background:

  • Adipose biopsy methods are not well-defined for exercise physiology research in normal-weight individuals.
  • Understanding tissue quality is crucial for accurate analysis of adipocytes, gene expression, and protein levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the influence of two adipose biopsy techniques on tissue quality.
  • To measure adipocyte cell size, and pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine and adipokine mRNA and protein levels.

Main Methods:

  • Subcutaneous adipose biopsies were performed using a Bergström needle and a mini-liposuction approach (Mercedes needle with tumescent delivery).
  • Tissue quality was assessed via histology (intact adipocytes), RNA integrity, and protein analysis.
  • Adipocyte size, and mRNA/protein levels of cytokines and adipokines were quantified.

Main Results:

  • Both biopsy techniques yielded high-quality adipose tissue suitable for histological, mRNA, and protein analysis.
  • No significant differences were observed in adipocyte size, or cytokine/adipokine levels between the two techniques.
  • Adipocyte size correlated positively with BMI and body fat percentage, and negatively with maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o2max).

Conclusions:

  • Both the Bergström needle and Mercedes wet mini-liposuction techniques are appropriate for adipose tissue sampling in exercise physiology studies.
  • These methods provide high-quality tissue for histological, transcriptional, and translational analyses in nonobese populations.
  • The findings offer valuable guidance for researchers planning adipose tissue studies.