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Updated: Jul 5, 2025

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Interference of holon strings in 2D Hubbard model.

Chang-Yan Wang1, Tin-Lun Ho1

  • 1Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America.

Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal
|January 17, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Direct observation of holons, exotic excitations in high-temperature superconductors, is now possible in cold atom experiments. These findings reveal holon-string dynamics and their impact on magnetic order.

Keywords:
Hubbard modelholonholon stringquantum dynamics

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Simulation
  • Cold Atom Experiments

Background:

  • The 2D Hubbard model with large repulsion is crucial for understanding high-temperature superconductivity.
  • Doped antiferromagnets (AMF) are believed to capture high-Tc physics, with excitations theorized as holons and spinons.
  • Direct experimental observation of holons and spinons has been challenging in solid-state systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the direct observation of holons using quantum quench dynamics in cold atom settings.
  • To investigate the properties and dynamics of holon strings and their interference effects.
  • To confirm the presence of the Marshall phase and its influence on magnetic order.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing quantum quench dynamic processes in cold atom experiments.
  • Measuring spin-spin correlations to detect holon-string formation and interference.
  • Comparing dynamics in the tJ model with and without the Marshall phase (σtJ model).

Main Results:

  • Direct observation of holon-strings and their interference patterns is achieved.
  • Holon string interference leads to anisotropic propagation and a distinct diffusion pattern.
  • Significant suppression of magnetic order (up to 95%) is observed in regions affected by holon strings.
  • The Marshall phase associated with holon strings is demonstrated, influencing holon propagation differently in tJ and σtJ models.

Conclusions:

  • Cold atom experiments provide a viable platform for directly observing elusive holon excitations.
  • Holon-string dynamics significantly impact magnetic properties and reveal the presence of the Marshall phase.
  • These findings offer new insights into the fundamental physics of high-temperature superconductors.