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Related Concept Videos

Overview of Cell Signaling01:23

Overview of Cell Signaling

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Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate with the environment.
Cells respond to many types of information, often through receptor proteins positioned on the membrane. For example, skin cells respond to and transmit touch...
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What is Cell Signaling?02:03

What is Cell Signaling?

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Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate to respond to the environment.
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Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions01:20

Cell Adhesion Molecules - Types and Functions

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Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) are pivotal to multicellularity and the coordinated functioning of tissues and organ systems. They enable physical interactions between cells and provide mechanical strength to tissues. They also function as receptors for signal transmission across the plasma membrane. The CAMs are broadly classified into four families - integrins, cadherins, selectins, and immunoglobulin-like CAMs (IgCAMs).
CAM Families
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Autocrine Signaling01:01

Autocrine Signaling

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Autocrine signaling is one of the many signaling mechanisms that function inside multicellular organisms to carry out intercellular communication. In this type of signaling mechanism, the same cell that secretes an extracellular signaling molecule also expresses the receptors to bind and respond to that signaling molecule.
Autocrine Signaling in Macrophages
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Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses01:22

Diversity in Cell Signaling Responses

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The physiological function of a cell and cellular communication are outcomes of a range of extrinsic signals, intracellular signaling pathways, and cellular responses. No two cell types express the same repertoire of signaling components. Receptors are highly selective for their cognate ligands, but once activated, they can alter multiple cellular processes such as DNA transcription, protein synthesis, and metabolic activity. 
Graded and Abrupt Responses
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Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

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The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

An Optogenetic Method to Control and Analyze Gene Expression Patterns in Cell-to-cell Interactions
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Modes and motifs in multicellular communication.

Anna C Kögler1, Patrick Müller1

  • 1University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.

Cell Systems
|January 18, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Cellular responses are controlled by signaling pathways using combinations of ligands and receptors. These pathway components are surprisingly shared across different cell types and states, indicating conserved signaling mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Cellular biology
  • Molecular signaling
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Cellular responses are mediated by complex signaling pathways involving numerous ligand and receptor variants.
  • These interactions are hypothesized to function combinatorially to generate diverse cellular outcomes.
  • Previous research suggested pathway specificity, but the extent of component sharing was unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the combinatorial usage of signaling pathway components.
  • To determine if signaling pathway components are shared between distinct cell states.
  • To analyze transcriptome data for insights into signaling pathway composition.

Main Methods:

  • Transcriptome analysis of various cell states.
  • Bioinformatic analysis of gene expression patterns.

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The Power of Simplicity: Sea Urchin Embryos as in Vivo Developmental Models for Studying Complex Cell-to-cell Signaling Network Interactions
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The Power of Simplicity: Sea Urchin Embryos as in Vivo Developmental Models for Studying Complex Cell-to-cell Signaling Network Interactions

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  • Comparative analysis of signaling pathway component usage.

    • Main Results:

    • Transcriptome data revealed that signaling pathway components are frequently utilized in shared combinations.
    • These shared combinations were observed across cell states that were otherwise dissimilar.
    • The combinatorial logic of signaling pathways appears to be conserved.

    Conclusions:

    • Signaling pathways employ a combinatorial code of ligands and receptors.
    • A significant overlap exists in pathway component usage across different cell states.
    • This suggests fundamental, conserved mechanisms governing cellular communication and response.