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Factors associated with cam deformity in Japanese local residents

Koichi Tomomatsu1, Takaya Taniguchi2, Hiroshi Hashizume3

  • 1Naga Municipal Hospital, 1282 Uchida, Kinokawa City, Wakayama, Japan.

Scientific Reports
|January 18, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Cam deformity, a precursor to hip osteoarthritis, increases with age in Japanese individuals. This developmental condition, characterized by an abnormal alpha angle, is more prevalent in men but not linked to hip pain.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Epidemiology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is increasingly linked to primary hip osteoarthritis.
  • The epidemiological factors of FAI, specifically cam deformity, require further elucidation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence and epidemiological factors of cam deformity in a large Japanese population.
  • To investigate associations between cam deformity and demographic/radiographic parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Radiographic analysis of 2960 hips from 1480 participants (mean age 65.3 years) in a Japanese cohort.
  • Measurement of alpha angle (≥60° defined as cam deformity) and spinopelvic parameters.
  • Multiple regression analysis to identify factors associated with the alpha angle.

Main Results:

  • Cam deformity prevalence was 5.0% (147/2960 hips).
  • Prevalence increased with age; men showed a higher prevalence.
  • Alpha angle correlated with age and BMI in both genders; alpha angle and pelvic tilt correlated in women.
  • No association found between cam deformity and hip pain.

Conclusions:

  • Cam deformity prevalence and alpha angle increase with age in Japanese individuals.
  • Cam deformity is associated with age, BMI, and pelvic tilt (in women).
  • Cam deformity may be considered a developmental condition contributing to hip osteoarthritis.

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