Outcomes of Laparoscopic Suture vs Mesh Rectopexy for Complete Rectal Prolapse

Area of Science:

• Colorectal Surgery
• Minimally Invasive Procedures
• Gastrointestinal Disorders

Background:

• Complete rectal prolapse is a debilitating condition requiring surgical intervention.
• Laparoscopic techniques have become standard for treating rectal prolapse.
• Suture and mesh rectopexy are two primary laparoscopic approaches with distinct outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the clinical outcomes of laparoscopic suture rectopexy versus laparoscopic mesh rectopexy in adult patients with complete rectal prolapse.
• To evaluate operative efficiency, postoperative recovery, complication rates, and recurrence rates for both surgical methods.

Main Methods:

• A comparative study involving 75 adult patients with complete rectal prolapse from December 2020 to December 2022.
• Patients were divided into two groups: Group A (n=34) underwent laparoscopic suture rectopexy, and Group B (n=41) underwent laparoscopic mesh rectopexy.
• Standardized preoperative preparation, surgical techniques, and postoperative follow-up protocols were applied.

Main Results:

• Laparoscopic suture rectopexy (Group A) demonstrated shorter operative times, faster resumption of bowel activity, and reduced hospital stays compared to mesh rectopexy (Group B).
• Group A experienced no intraoperative bleeding, whereas Group B had higher wound-related complications. Recurrence rates were significantly lower in Group A (2.9%) versus Group B (9.8%).
• Both groups showed improvement in postoperative incontinence grades, but constipation increased in both.

Conclusions:

• Both laparoscopic suture and mesh rectopexy are effective treatments for complete rectal prolapse, with each technique offering specific advantages and considerations.
• Laparoscopic suture rectopexy may provide benefits in terms of operative efficiency and reduced complications, though it is associated with a potentially higher recurrence rate.
• Individualized patient care is crucial, considering surgical characteristics, postoperative results, and patient preferences when selecting the optimal rectopexy technique.