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Microphone array based on tangent line method.

Tsutomu Kaizuka¹

¹Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Kogakuin University 2665-1 Nakano-machi, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo 192-0015, Japan.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

|January 19, 2024

Summary

The tangent line method (TLM) applied to microphone arrays creates better focused sound beams. This fixed beamformer offers improved directivity and distance discrimination compared to traditional delay-and-sum methods.

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Area of Science:

Acoustics
Signal Processing

Background:

The tangent line method (TLM) was initially developed for loudspeaker arrays to create curved sound beams.
Microphone arrays typically use delay-and-sum (DAS) beamformers for directional sound capture.

Purpose of the Study:

To adapt the tangent line method (TLM) for application in microphone arrays.
To evaluate the performance of TLM-based microphone arrays for forming curvilinear acoustic beams.

Main Methods:

Utilized the principle of reciprocity to apply TLM to a microphone array.
Generated straight tangent line beams using a delay-and-sum (DAS) beamformer.
Formed curvilinear beams as envelopes of these tangent lines.
Optimized the curvilinear trajectory based on average frequency to maximize acoustic contrast.

Main Results:

TLM-based microphone arrays can form curvilinear beams with improved distance discrimination over DAS beamformers.
Case studies demonstrated superior directivity with TLM compared to DAS.
Optimized TLM achieves fixed beamforming with enhanced performance and implementation simplicity.

Conclusions:

The frequency-averaged optimal TLM provides a fixed beamforming solution for microphone arrays.
This method offers superior acoustic performance and comparable implementation simplicity to DAS beamformers.