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[Echocardiographic study of heart function in systemic scleroderma].

G P Kotel'nikova, N G Guseva

    Terapevticheskii Arkhiv
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Echocardiography reveals frequent cardiac abnormalities in systemic scleroderma patients, including reduced left ventricular function and high rates of pericarditis. Mitral valve prolapse was also notably more common.

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Rheumatology
    • Medical Imaging

    Background:

    • Systemic scleroderma is a complex autoimmune disease with potential multi-organ involvement.
    • Cardiac complications are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in systemic scleroderma patients.
    • Echocardiography is a crucial non-invasive tool for assessing cardiac structure and function.

    Observation:

    • Echocardiographic evaluation of 65 systemic scleroderma patients identified frequent abnormalities.
    • Lowered left ventricular sizes and central hemodynamic indices were common, particularly in advanced disease stages (II-III).
    • Pericarditis was observed in a high proportion of patients (40%), with 3/4 of those examined showing signs.

    Findings:

    • Specific cardiac findings included asymmetric obstructive cardiomyopathy in one patient.

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  • Valvular abnormalities were noted, such as mitral stenosis (1 patient), mitral insufficiency (1 patient), and aortic insufficiency (1 patient).
  • Mitral valve prolapse occurred in 10.9% of patients, twice the general population prevalence.

    • Implications:

    • Echocardiography effectively elucidates the cardiac pathology in systemic scleroderma.
    • The study highlights the high prevalence of pericarditis and mitral valve prolapse in this patient cohort.
    • Findings underscore the importance of routine echocardiographic screening for early detection and management of cardiac involvement in systemic scleroderma.