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RTK+OSNMA Positioning for Road Applications: An Experimental Performance Analysis in Finland.
José M Vallet García1, M Zahidul H Bhuiyan1
1Navigation and Positioning Department, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, National Land Survey of Finland, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|January 23, 2024
Summary
Dual-band real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning performance was evaluated using Galileo's open service navigation message authentication (OSNMA). Using only authenticated satellites significantly reduced availability, highlighting a trade-off between authenticity and positioning reliability.
Area of Science:
- Geomatics Engineering
- Satellite Navigation Systems
- Signal Authentication
Background:
- Real-time kinematic (RTK) positioning offers high accuracy but faces challenges in signal availability and authenticity.
- Galileo's open service navigation message authentication (OSNMA) aims to enhance GNSS signal security.
- Dual-band receivers (GPS L1/L2, Galileo E1/E5a) are increasingly common for improved performance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the performance of dual-band RTK positioning under different authentication schemes.
- To quantify the impact of using only OSNMA-authenticated Galileo satellites on positioning accuracy and availability.
- To assess the potential performance gains if GPS authentication were also supported.
Main Methods:
- Dual-band RTK positioning experiments were conducted in open sky and urban environments in southern Finland.
- Two authentication scenarios were tested: (1) using only OSNMA-authenticated Galileo satellites, and (2) no authentication.
- Positioning accuracy (horizontal) and availability metrics were collected and analyzed for both scenarios.
Main Results:
- Using only OSNMA-authenticated Galileo satellites led to a significant decrease in RTK availability: from 96.67% to 86.01% (open sky) and 73.55% to 18.65% (urban).
- Hypothetical scenarios with GPS authentication support indicated potential for high accuracy (14 cm open sky, 10.20 m urban 95% horizontal accuracy).
- High accuracy levels (sub-30cm) were achievable for extended periods (over 92% in open sky, 39% in urban) under hypothetical GPS authentication.
Conclusions:
- Implementing OSNMA with Galileo-only authentication presents a notable trade-off between signal authenticity and positioning availability.
- Current OSNMA implementation limits dual-band RTK performance, particularly in challenging urban environments.
- Future integration of GPS authentication could significantly enhance the accuracy and availability of secure dual-band RTK positioning.
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