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Impact of Urine Culture Reflex Policy Implementation in a Large County Hospital Inpatient Rehabilitation Unit-A Pilot
Diana Pham1, Brian J Hopkins, Audrie A Chavez
1From the Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Parkland Memorial Hospital and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas (DP); Dallas ID Associates, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center-Irving, Baylor Scott & White Medical Center-Grapevine, Medical City Las Colinas, Irving, Texas (BJH); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation, Charleston, Massachusetts (AAC); Department of Health System Research at Parkland Health Hospital, Dallas, Texas (LSB); Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas (SB); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas (BCP).
Objective:
To promote antimicrobial stewardship, many institutions have implemented a policy of reflexing to a urine culture based on a positive urinalysis result. The rehabilitation patient population, including individuals with brain and spinal cord injuries, may have atypical presentations of urinary tract infections. The study objective is to determine the effects of implementing a urine culture reflex policy in this specific patient population.
Design:
In an inpatient rehabilitation unit, 348 urinalyses were analyzed from August 2019 to June 2021. Urinalysis with greater than or equal to 10 white blood cells per high power field was automatically reflexed to a urine culture in this prospective study. Primary outcome was return to acute care related to urinary tract infection. Secondary outcomes included adherence to reflex protocol, antibiotic utilization and appropriateness, adverse outcomes related to antibiotic use, and reduction in urine cultures processed and the associated reduction in healthcare costs.
Results:
There was no statistically significant difference before and after intervention related to the primary outcome. Urine cultures processed were reduced by 58% after intervention.
Conclusions:
Urine culture reflex policy is likely an effective intervention to reduce the frequency of urine cultures without significantly affecting the need to transfer patients from inpatient rehabilitation back to the acute care setting.
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