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Thyroid function and cold acclimation in the hamster, Mesocricetus auratus.

T E Tomasi, B A Horwitz

    The American Journal of Physiology
    |February 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    Cold acclimation significantly increases basal metabolic rate (BMR) and thyroid hormone utilization in hamsters. Triiodothyronine utilization rate (T3U) increases more dramatically than thyroxine utilization rate (T4U), suggesting a qualitative change in thyroid function.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Metabolic Physiology
    • Animal Physiology

    Background:

    • Cold acclimation is known to affect metabolic rate and thyroid function.
    • Previous studies may have underestimated the impact of cold exposure on thyroid hormone dynamics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify the effects of cold acclimation on basal metabolic rate (BMR), thyroxine utilization rate (T4U), and triiodothyronine utilization rate (T3U) in golden hamsters.
    • To investigate potential qualitative changes in thyroid function induced by cold exposure.

    Main Methods:

    • Measured BMR, T4U, and T3U in cold-acclimated (CA) and room temperature-acclimated (RA) male golden hamsters.
    • Calculated hormone utilization rates using the plasma disappearance technique with 125I-labeled hormones.
    • Quantified serum hormone levels via radioimmunoassay.

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    Main Results:

    • Cold acclimation significantly increased BMR by 28%.
    • T4U increased by 32% in CA hamsters compared to RA.
    • T3U showed a substantial 204% increase in CA hamsters, indicating a greater impact than T4U.

    Conclusions:

    • Cold acclimation induces significant quantitative and qualitative changes in thyroid hormone metabolism.
    • Triiodothyronine utilization rate (T3U) is a more accurate indicator of thyroid function in cold-acclimated states than T4U.
    • A proposed mechanism for cold-induced BMR changes involves alterations in T4 binding, pituitary T4 set point, deiodinase activity, and T3 secretion.