Time course of systolic loading is an important determinant of ventricular relaxation

We studied the dependency of left ventricular relaxation on the timing of an abrupt increase in systolic load. In 10 canine isolated heart-lung preparations, a load step of 15 mmHg was imposed at specific intervals throughout systole, and the time of loading was defined as the interval from the R wave to the completion of the load step (R-load interval). Preload was held constant. The right atrium was paced at a cycle length of 450 ms. The decay of left ventricular pressure during isovolumic relaxation was described by a single exponential time constant (Texp). Load effects on isovolumic relaxation were expressed as a percent change in Texp as compared with Texp of the beat preceding the load intervention. Loads imposed early in systole consistently prolonged Texp [mean delta Texp = +17.01 +/- 1.64% (SE) for R-load intervals less than or equal to 120 ms]. Load changes late in systole consistently abbreviated Texp [mean delta Texp = -9.49 +/- 0.86% (SE) for R-load intervals greater than or equal to 130 ms]. The transition from augmentation to diminution of Texp always occurred when the R-load interval was 120-130 ms. The mean time interval of electromechanical systole for the test beats was not significantly different (P greater than or equal to 0.05) from that of the control beats [R-load intervals less than or equal to 120: test = 247.0 +/- 27.8 (SD) ms; control = 246.6 +/- 26.8 (SD) ms] [R-load intervals greater than or equal to 130: test = 243.3 +/- 29.1 (SD) ms; control = 243.8 +/- 28.4 (SD) ms].(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)