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Related Concept Videos

Structural Classification of Joints01:20

Structural Classification of Joints

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Joints, also known as articulations, are classified based on their structural characteristics, i.e., based on whether the articulating surfaces of the adjacent bones are directly connected by fibrous connective tissue or cartilage, or whether the articulating surfaces contact each other within a fluid-filled joint cavity. These differences serve to divide the joints of the body into three structural classifications.
A fibrous joint is where the adjacent bones are united by fibrous connective...
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Functional Classification of Joints01:09

Functional Classification of Joints

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Functional Classification of Joints
The functional classification of joints is determined by the amount of mobility between the adjacent bones. Joints are functionally classified as a synarthrosis or immobile joint, an amphiarthrosis or slightly moveable joint, or as a diarthrosis, a freely moveable joint. Fibrous and cartilaginous joints can be functionally classified as either synarthroses  or amphiarthroses, whereas all synovial joints are classified as diarthroses.
Synarthrosis
An...
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Classification of Connective Tissues01:30

Classification of Connective Tissues

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The connective tissues have different properties and functions in the human body. They are broadly categorized into proper, supporting, or fluid connective tissues.
Connective Tissue Proper
Connective tissue proper is the most abundant class of connective tissues. As its name implies, it predominantly connects different tissues in the body. Depending on the cell types, ground substance, viscosity, and fiber types in the ECM, connective tissue proper is further categorized into loose and dense....
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Fibril-associated Collagen01:11

Fibril-associated Collagen

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Fibril-associated collagens are a type of collagens present in the extracellular matrix with interrupted triple helices or FACIT (Fibril-associated collagens interrupted triple-helices). FACIT help connect and attach the collagen fibrils with each other as well as with other proteins of the extracellular matrix.
For example, the type II collagen fibrils in cartilage have covalently bound type IX fibril-associated collagens at regular intervals. Other types of fibril-associated collagens are...
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Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

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Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
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Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints01:17

Structural Joints: Cartilaginous Joints

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As the name indicates, at a cartilaginous joint, the adjacent bones are united by cartilage, a tough but flexible type of connective tissue. Unlike synovial joints, these types of joints lack a joint cavity and involve bones joined together by either hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage.
There are two types of cartilaginous joints:
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Novel Triple-Loop Technique for Suturing TFCC Injuries without Transosseous Tunnel
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A New Arthroscopic Classification of Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex Disorders.

Guillaume Herzberg1, Marion Burnier2, Lyliane Ly3

  • 1I-Trues Surgery Unit, Orthopedic Department, Clinique Parc Lyon, Lyon, France, Clinique Val Ouest, Lyon Ecully, France.

Journal of Wrist Surgery
|January 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A new arthroscopic classification for triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) disorders, the DRW system, categorizes lesions by disc, reins, and wall components. This system aids in analyzing both degenerative and traumatic TFCC injuries.

Keywords:
TFCC disorder classificationTFCC disordersTFCC tearsarthroscopywrist

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Arthroscopy
  • Wrist Anatomy

Background:

  • Wrist arthroscopy is crucial for diagnosing and treating triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) disorders.
  • Existing arthroscopic classifications for TFCC lesions lack comprehensiveness and recent updates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel, comprehensive arthroscopic classification for TFCC disorders.
  • To base the classification on a recently described arthroscopic anatomy of the TFCC.

Main Methods:

  • Incorporated existing TFCC disorders into an arthroscopic, functional, and vascular anatomical framework.
  • Included patient-specific parameters like ulnar variance and distal radioulnar joint inclination.
  • Considered tear chronicity (fresh/chronic) and reparability (reparable/nonreparable).

Main Results:

  • Introduced the DRW classification: Disc (D - degenerative/traumatic), Reins (R - traumatic), Wall (W - traumatic).
  • The classification allows for easy identification of isolated and combined TFCC lesions.
  • Facilitates analysis of both degenerative and traumatic TFCC disorders.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed DRW classification offers an updated, three-dimensional, three-part arthroscopic description of TFCC disorders.
  • This classification is relevant for understanding etiology and guiding treatment principles for TFCC injuries.